Correctional Institution , Criminology major Essay - 3

Correctional Institution , Criminology major - Essay Example Other issues that arise from prison rape are contraction of conditions such as HIV / AIDS which can be fatally devastating. Murder and assault: this is mostly because of hate crime in prison. When prisoners disagree, they are not likely to consult prison authorities as they prefer to settle their differences personally. Crimes are a means of exacting revenge. Weapons dealing: aside from using natural means such as physical strength to fight, assault and even murder, prisoners also use weapons. Most of the weapons they use are crude ones such as knives or improvised sharp objects. These weapons are within the prison walls or from outside the prison. Drug dealing: there is a positive correlation between drugs and crime. For prisoners arrested for drug possession and use there is still an urge to continue using drugs, this creates ready market. Through smuggling, prisoners are able to get access to money. This money funds drug deals and purchase of weapons (Mà ¸ller, Gatherer, Jà ¼rge ns, Stà ¶ver & Nikogosian 55). The psychology of the inhabitants of the correctional institutes: persons in correctional institutes reside in the institution because of committing crimes. In this light, therefore, there is a likelihood of them carrying on these activities even while in prison. Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment in most cases do not see the need of being model citizens. They, therefore, perpetrate crimes at will because they are of the view that the worst that could happen to them has already happened (DeRosia & Victoria 101). Another contributing factor to this issue is public opinion. The public views prisoners as awful people incapable of reform. This kills the moral of an individual, and they do not see the need of change especially while in prison. The public and the prisoners get their influence from the media. There are one too many programs

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Essay The Great Depression took place in the United States in the 1930s. Northern California, Salinas Valley was affected by the Great Depression. Many farmers lost their properties and were forced to find other work. Banks were forced to foreclose on mortgages’ and had to collect debts. Hundreds of thousands of farmers packed up their families and few belongings, and headed for California. The Great Depression left many people in poverty and caused them to face unpleasant events. This is how life was like for the characters in Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. Mostly all the characters in this novel suffered from loneliness. Some of the men desired to come together in a way that would allow them to be like brothers to one another. Given the harsh, lonely conditions under which the men live, it is no surprise that they idealize friendship between other men in such a way. In the novel Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck uses characterization of dialogue and actions to show that everyone is lonely in some way even if they are surrounded by others. John Steinbeck uses characterization to show that loneliness causes people to reveal their feelings through dialogue. When Curley’s wife walks into the farm, she sees Lennie and begins to talk to him. He tries to avoid her and she says â€Å"‘I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely’† (86). Curley’s wife has no one to talk to, and even Lennie tries to avoid her. Her words reveal that she is very lonely and even though there are so many people around her, nobody wants to talk to her. These words are significant because it shows how lonely she really is and how everyone tries to keep away from her because they know she causes drama and that she is married to Curley. George and Lennie also experience loneliness that they show through dialogue. As George and Lennie walk to the ranch together, George says, ‘â€Å"Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliness guys in the world. They got no family and they don’t belong to no place†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (121). In addition, George and Lennie have no real home. They work the season, and then move on. They have no family, no relatives, and no ties except to each other. George’s words reveal that the life style of migrant workers such as themselves gives the way to a lonely life. This dialogue is significant because it shows how George and Lennie are lonely and that even though they travel and meet new people they still possess some kind of loneliness. Even though George was surrounded by many of the men, he sat quietly by himself at on the table all alone. â€Å"George cut the cards and began turning them over, looking at each one and throwing it down in a pile† (27). George is occupying his time by sitting alone at the table and organizing cards. George’s actions show that he is lonely and has nothing better to do then organize a deck of cards. His actions are significant because it reveals how George is lonely and how he spends his time by himself organizing cards. Also, when Crooks experiences loneliness he occupies himself with books. Even though Crooks is surrounded by so many men, he often feels lonely, but he tries to convince himself that he is not lonely. ‘â€Å" S’pose you had to sit out here an’ read books. ’ Sure you could play horseshoes till it got dark, but then you got to read books. ’ Books ani’t no good. ’ A guy needs somebody to be near him†¦ he goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (72). Crooks is very lonely and he wishes that he could have someone to talk to, but he tries to be busy by playing horseshoes and reading books. His actions show that he is extremely lonely, and that he occupies himself with little things to keep himself from suffering. Crook’s actions are significant because loneliness cause people to spend their time by themselves. In the novel Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck uses characterization of dialogue and actions to reveal that one can be surrounded by a group and still be lonely. The use of dialogue proves that the characters are lonely even though they are working closely together. Also, through the characterization of actions the author reveals that most of the men are lonely and that the men occupy themselves even though they are with a group of people. John Steinbeck’s theme applies to the entire would because it proves that loneliness affects everyone at one time or another. It changes the way a person thinks and behaves. When people feel lonely their actions and way of life are affected. Nobody can run away from loneliness even if they live with a group of people. It’s a trait that no one can get rid of.

Sole trader and partnership business

Sole trader and partnership business http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sole_proprietorship http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/article/0,,id=98214,00.html http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?type=RESOURCESitemId=1073789609 http://www.myownbusiness.org/s4/ http://www.bytestart.co.uk/content/19/19_1/what-is-a-sole-trader.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/business/aims/partnershipsrev1.shtml http://www.company-wizard.co.uk/Glossary/Private_Limited_Company.htm Among the similarities between a sole trader and partnership business is that they both have unlimited liability. Unlimited liability means in the event that the business becomes insolvent, the owner will have to be responsible for paying all the debts of the business even if it means selling off his personal assets to settle the debts. In a partnership, a partner will also have to pay off all the debts of the business if other partners become insolvent but if only the business becomes insolvent the debts can be shared among partners. This however is not applicable to the sleeping partner. The way both businesses are financed is also similar. For example, they are financed with bank loans, personal savings and contributions from friends and family. The two businesses need to be registered under the Registration of Business Act and operates in the private sector. This means that none of this structure of businesses is owned by government. The owner of a sole trader and partners in a p artnership are taxed at a personal tax rate according to the profits the business makes. Dealings of both types of business are confidential and only need to be revealed to the government. Both are easy and cheap to set up. Among the differences between a sole trader and partnership business is a sole trader business has only one owner whereas a partnership has 2-20 owners. The sole trader is fully responsible for the running of the business from day to day so, the success of the business is limited to the abilities of the owner. In a partnership, business decisions are made by casting votes among the partners and they assigned specific work in the business. There are more people to contribute skills and expertise. All profits gained in a sole trader business are received by the owner whereas in a partnership the profit is split according to the ratio which was previously agreed in the partnership agreement. When dissolving the business a sole trader can dissolve by himself whereas a partnership needs consent from partners. One of the similarities between sole trader business and private company is that both of them are created to generate profit for the owners. Also both are private companies. Both need to be registered as private entities. Therefore they do not have to make reports on their business to be released to the public. Such reports need only be disclosed to the government. This maintains confidentiality in the business. Among the differences between the two business structures are the number of owners. A sole trader has only one owner while a private company has 1-50 owners which are called shareholders. A private company is a different person from the owner. This means the owner and management of the company is separated. The liability of a sole trader business is unlimited whereas in a private company its limited. This means that in the event that the company goes bankrupt the maximum shareholders of a private company can lose are the amount they have invested in the company. A sole trader business has limited life whereas a private company has perpetual existence. This means that the company will still exist even if there is a change in ownership. A private company business is taxed at a fixed tax rate of 30% whereas the sole trader can get a personal tax rate of 30% or more. Decisions of a sole trader business is made by the sole trader whereas in a private company they are made by the managemen t group. It is easier and cheaper to set up a sole trader business compared with a private company. The Sole Trader can have unlimited borrowings subject to the limit of its financial standing but for the Company, its borrowings are guided by articles as contained in their Memorandum of Association. It is easier for a Private Company to raise finance compared to a Sole Trader. I would advise Lydia to convert the business into a partnership. Assuming that the business hasnt been doing well for the past three years, extra capital that can be raised by potential partners can help the business to acquire better equipment and teachers. Also assuming that the potential partners are experts in the IT field or good businessmen they can bring in fresh ideas and expertise to help the business grow. Fresh ideas will help because a business has to always adjust according to the ever changing needs of consumers and because. Other similar businesses are always improving themselves. Therefore Lydias business has to improve too in order to stay competitive. Extra capital, expertise, and ideas from potential partners will help the business in that way. Not only that, work gets done even faster when there are more people running it. Therefore the running of the business is more efficient. Furthermore it does not take a lot of money to convert the business to a partnership. Assuming that Lydia is a friendly person, personality clashes between partners would be rare. The partnership is not likely to bankrupt assuming that Lydias potential partners have a solid financial background. It is not advisable for Lydia to form a company because it is costly to set up. Since the business has only been running for three years it wouldnt have generated enough revenue to be converted into a company. Moreover turning it to a company will increase government regulation on her business. This will greatly decrease the businesss flexibility.   It is also not advisable for her to stay as a sole trader because she needs new capital to upgrade equipments that have been in use for 3 years now and that is hard to do if she stays as a sole trader. Also assuming that she is married, the business wouldnt have to shut down temporarily because of her taking a maternity leave. This is because her partner would be able to take over the business for the mean time.

Edgar Allan Poes The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar Essay -- Facts

Edgar Allan Poe's The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar Edgar Allan Poe's The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar is one of his more interesting works. Granted, this is one of his lesser-known works, but nevertheless this short story is clear example of the obsession theme that is so prominent in the majority of Poe's work. In fact, the obsession the narrator in the story closely resembles Poe himself because he was somewhat obsessed or infatuated with mesmerism for a while. This could be one example where Poe allows the reader into himself (as the narrator) or this could be yet another of Poe's tricks on his audience. In either case, this is a fascinating work that combines his trademark Gothic style with numerous customs and ideas of the day in a short yet substantial work. It would be somewhat accurate to call Poe "the inventor of American Gothic." American gothic did exist before Poe, but he was the man who took this genre to its zenith. Poe's stories generally have some element of the supernatural or mysterious in them, a solitary speaker who is normally "not normal" (many ask "Am I mad?" or insist they are not mad), usually set somewhere in Europe in some remote place at midnight. His brand of American Gothic allows for both the supernatural and physiological interpretations. Many of his narrators show some degree of madness and obsession. In fact, obsession seems to be evident in nearly every Poe tale. Poe's concept of madness is two-fold: physiological and mental/ psychological. Roderick Usher in The Fall of The House of Usher is an example of being mad from a psychological condition of his family practicing incest. The narrator in Ligeia is another example of this physical madness, this man was suffering from al... ...ffman, Daniel. Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe. New York: Doubleday, 1972. Howarth, William. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Poe's Tales. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 1971. Forclaz, Robert. "Psychoanalysis and Edgar Allan Poe: A Critique of the Bonaparte Thesis." Ed. Eric W. Carlson. Critical Essays On Edgar Allan Poe. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co., 1987. 187-195. Gauld, Alan. A History of Hypnotism. Cambridge UP, 1992. Matthews, Terry C., . Writing Scientific Papers. Decatur, Il: Millikin University Biology Department. Ostrom, John Ward. The Letters of Edgar Allan Poe. Vol 2. NewYork: Gordian Press, 1966. 2 vols. Poe, Edgar Allan. "The Facts of M. Valdemar's Case." The Works of the Late Edgar Allan Poe, 1850. The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. The Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore. 19 Nov. 2001. 9 Dec. 2001. http://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/vldmard.htm.

Descriptive essay: Harry Potter Essay

The soft white carpet that stretches throughout the house stops, at the doorway of the room. The chocolate brown and polished, wooden floor takes the place of the carpet. The room is surrounded by earth tone colored walls giving it a feel of nature. On top of the walls are uniquely designed molding frames that present a stylish statement. Abundant natural light shines through wooden blinds of the window which is located on the left side of the room. The full sized bed is against the wall and has floral sheets, fluffy pillows, and pattern designs that complement the theme of the room. The desk next to the bed is cluttered with scraps of paper, workbooks, and erasers crumbs. Pencils, pens, and markers are neatly placed in a purple pencil box at the left corner of the desk. Two feet away from the desk stands a tall built in closet that is six feet away from the foot of the bed. Across the closet is the wall that has an entire section filled nearly dozens of collages of captured memories. There is a fleeting aroma of a collection of different fragrances purchased at Bath and Body Works. The perfumes and lotions are lined up on top of the bookshelf. The first row of the bookshelf has a music player and two picture frames of family and friends. The second row is stacks of school textbooks starting with Pre-Calculus to AP Psychology and ending with SAT workbooks. The last row has boxes filled with old photos, colorful paper, and an old, rusty pile of old school assignments. Next to the shelf is an old ladder that protrudes from the wall adjacent to the keyboard. Accessories like rings, necklaces, and bracelets are either hanged or placed carefully on the ladder. The black and gray keyboard stands next to the ladder and has an assortment of dusts lying on the surface of the white and black keys. The top pile of clothes touch the right side of the keyboard and the clothes, are stacked on the comfy white couch waiting to be washed. The white couch sits idly against the wall, and a taller white bookshelf is next to it. The first row of the bookshelf has different albums with genres like country, pop, and rock music standing up. The next three rows has books in an arrangement of books starting with childhood favorites, progressing to chapter books, and a collection of many different series of books like Harry Potter, all the way to The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. The final row consists of colorful and creatively designed scrapbooks and yearbooks. This tall shelf is also the shelf next to the door, and ends the exploration of the personalized bedroom.

Heroism in Gattaca (Film)

Heroism in Gattaca (Film) Free Online Research Papers â€Å"Identify and evaluate what human qualities Gattaca considers to be heroic. Do you agree with the film’s views?† Gattaca is a film that conveys many messages regarding what human qualities constitute heroism. Vincent Freeman is usually the character through which these qualities are highlighted and explored. It is often suggested that Vincent’s journey through Gattaca (both the film and the institution) qualify as heroic. Thus, it could be asserted that the qualities that Vincent exhibits throughout this journey are considered by the film to be heroic. A hero’s plight, as remembered by history and represented by Hollywood, seldom deviates from its clichà ©d formula: a self-sacrificing, determined, courageous, and possibly oppressed person who is, at first, not popularly expected to succeed, ultimately achieves their dreams and receives some form of reward – often a woman. Vincent’s journey through Gattaca cannot be entirely seen through this filter of glowing commendability. Rather, Vincent is a character whose negative qualities conform to Greek mythology’s definition of a hero: a person, often of divine descent, endowed with great courage and strength, and favoured by the gods. A Greek hero’s title can be maintained whilst they exhibit qualities such as; disobedience, anti-social tendencies, selfishness and arrogance. Vincent’s courage is demonstrated repeatedly in the film. His courage can be observed, at the widest level, through Vincent’s choice to cheat the system. The legal implications of Vincent’s path, although not specified, are suggested to be extreme – thus his willingness to be subject to such imperilment underlines this aspect of his courage. Vincent is assured by his family and society, from a young age, that: â€Å"†¦the only way [he will]†¦see the inside of a space shuttle is if [he is]†¦cleaning it. This condemnation should discourage Vincent from aspiring to a better life, but it only seems to cement his ambition. For a person to stand up against an entire institution, and his own family, could be seen as courageous. However, it is through circumventing the system, that many of Vincent’s less commendable qualities are made explicit. It would be expected of a hero to challenge that which is unjust, rather than cheat it. Vincent’s aforementioned actions are considered by his society to be criminal, thus his heroic image would appear to be diminished. However, in the eyes of Greek mythology, these actions diminish his character no more than many Greek heroes’ flaws, for example; Odysseus’ hubris, Jason’s unfaithfulness, Ballerophon’s murderous habits or Zeus’ promiscuity. This path of dishonesty, however, leaves Vincent’s character open to criticism once again, as it accounts for his more violent episodes. Vincent brutally beats an innocent police investigator, whose only crime was doing his job. Vincent’s actions, although reprehensible, are comparable to those committed by many Greek heroes. Heracles’ more antisocial tendencies is one example of this. It is interesting to note that the name of our hero’s mother is Marie a variant of â€Å"Mary† – who was/is a pivotal figure of western â€Å"mythology†. A characteristic of a Greek hero is often divine decent thus Vincent’s divine ancestry is subtly alluded to. This quality in Vincent accounts for other qualities that are central to the profile of a Greek hero: being blessed with strength and favoured by the gods. The strength of Vincent can be observed through his courage, and his being endeared by the gods, in his ultimate success and his dreams being granted. Self sacrifice is considered by many to be a compulsory quality in a hero. However, Vincent is entirely self interested he acts only to further his own cause. Not once in the film does Vincent help anyone directly – with his most selfless actions being the possible inspiring of Lamar’s son and supplying Eugene with â€Å"closure†. This quality, again, has parallels in the characters of many Greek heroes. Arrogance is another â€Å"unbecoming† quality that Vincent demonstrates near the end of the film, as he says: â€Å"Just remember†¦I was as good as any, and better than most† Again, this quality is very common in Greek heroes. A protagonist’s background of oppression can often be the prelude of their path to heroism. Vincent does deal with much adversity with his society and family dooming him to a life of unattractive public service. This criterion of the heroic formula is common to both western and Greek mythological heroes. All of these heroic qualities present in Vincent’s character, serve to supply him with the title of a â€Å"hero†. However, Gattaca is a film that deals with far more than heroism and its human application. Gattaca, for the most part, utilizes Vincent and his heroic qualities as a means of communicating its more central themes of; discrimination, identity, society, the human condition and eugenics. Vincent is a; victim of discrimination, a â€Å"particularly detested segment of the population†, a social outcast, and the medium through which the film’s disdainful views on eugenics are conveyed. Without Vincent and his role as a hero, these themes would have been communicated to a far less convincing extent. Overall, Vincent’s heroic qualities serve to convey Gattaca’s unique view of heroism: that heroism can be constructed of an anachronistic conglomeration of heroic characteristics and qualities. Research Papers on Heroism in Gattaca (Film)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseWhere Wild and West MeetHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Spring and AutumnIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in Capital

Star Wars Darth Vader Comics Facts

Star Wars Darth Vader Comics Facts 10 Facts From Darth Vader Comics After Star Wars expanded universe was removed from canon, the Darth Vader comic succeeded in bridging the gap. However, the aim of Darth Vader was to humanize the classic villain which was illustrated multiple Darth Vaders quests. The circulation was eye-popping with the characters presented in an absolutely new light and the establishment of a new canon which differs from what we see on the screen. Some Insights into the Major Changes Which Are Now Officially Regarded as Canon Creating His Lightsaber It goes without saying that Darth Vader is widely distinguished by his red lightsaber. Up to this time, fans could only make speculation about the origin of the sword. However, it has been recently elaborated in the comics. Since Legends erased much of the expanded universe from canon, the comics provide new elucidation of the rationale behind the red color. Upon his transposition in his signature armor, Vader was entrusted with finding a lightsaber. Emperor Palpatine makes it clear to Vader that a Sith lord gains his lightsaber by vanquishing a Jedi in battle. Having found a Jedi who pulled through Order 66, Vader does away with him and gains his weapon. However, everything is not that white and black as it seems. Palpatine divulges to Vader that a Sith lightsaber was turned red by putting all of the wielders fury into the Kyber Crystal. The secret of Vader’s lightsaber takes an even more frightening and unexpected course when it becomes patent that the Kyber Crystal struggles against this process. After giving an insight his last chance to get back to the light side, Vader gains the crystal and the blade turns red. Hunting Down Jedi While creating his lightsaber, we observe another piece of evidence of Darth Vader expanding into canon that had only been alluded to. In the comics, we can observe multiple happenstances in the expanded universe except for the scene of Vader hunt down surviving Jedi. In an attempt to find a Jedi to gain their lightsaber, Vader finds out about the existence of Jedi named Kirak Infil’a. Kirak had made an oath not to meddle into anything but the force and pulled through the eradication of the other Jedi. Hunting him down being armed with the sole force, we observe the moment of Vader striving to wipe out the Jedi order. Vader’s Weak Points Although the Anakins weak sides in the prequel trilogy are quite patent, after the transformation into Darth Vader, he becomes an irresistible menace. The comics have shed light on a new vulnerable side to Vader that we could not spot in the original trilogy. While hunting down Kirak Infil’a, Vader sustained a defeat at first. It was a pivotal moment since it was instrumental in humanizing Darth Vader. It proved that he is able to be defeated, and we observe a genuine struggle on his path to turn into the Vader that we all know and fear from the original trilogy. Remembering The Past There was one more occurrence in the comics that was fundamental in humanizing the Darth Vader. In  Darth Vader  #20, the situation revolves around Vader who is rebuked by Emperor Palpatine. The latter adopts an extreme method to make him become his apprentice. Palpatine took him to the Naboo Royal Starship which transported Padmà © and the Jedi to his home planet of Tatooine. Vader responds to this blast from his past quite vehemently, destroying a droid that is meant to repair the ship. This moment is suggestive of the fact that Vader still feels strongly about his previous life. Tested By The Emperor The initial aim of the new Darth Vader comics was not only to give insights into Vader himself but also his interaction with the Emperor. In the previous comics, we get an impression that Vader is more of a servant to the Emperor than an Apprentice, but in the new series of comics, we just have a splendid opportunity to see that it is in fact true. Vader is dismissed and maltreated by Palpatine in ways that are indicative of him being a lapdog to the Sith Lord. While it enables us to understand their relationship in a broader sense, it also serves as a rationale behind his betrayal of his master. Vader’s Castle On Mustafar While Darth Vader in the extended universe has been clearly linked with mythology, the comics provided a brand-new story about the origin of Vader’s castle on Mustafar. Vader stumbles across a mask with the ghost of a Sith Lord called Momin. He is endowed with the ability to communicate with the ghost which enables them to design some plans for the castle. According to Momin, the castle is constructed like a giant tuning fork enabling him to get through to the dark side of the force. Momin enchants Vader by promising that it will enable him to go through the veil of death and reunite with Padmà ©. Vader adheres to the instructions which give rise to some intriguing developments and the establishment of his iconic castle. The Start Of The Rebellion While Darth Vader  revolves around the titular character, the comic also unveils some essential secrets about the surrounding world, particularly the start of the rebellion. Vader appears to be enraged at how the Rebellion has mounted, and we can see what sparks off the opposition of the Empire. The comic perfectly succeeds in depicting the deplorable situation of the Rebels following the collapse of the Jedi Order and provides the back-story which is linked to the original trilogy. Force Limitations Darth Vader was quite effusive in using the force. In the previous trilogy, we observe the reach of his power and just how frightening he can be. However, in the comics, Vader’s use of the force is limited. While fighting back against Grand Moff Tarkin, the only weapon Vader uses after Tarkin takes away his lightsaber is force. Tarklin then sacrifices some men to come to know how far Vader can go using this force. Eventually, we see that Vader is not that potent in terms of using his force powers. Noooooo In the first run of Darth Vader, we can observe a subtle but positive change from previous prequels. One of the most hateful moments from Revenge of the Sith is the process of transforming from Anakin to Vader followed by a long-winded â€Å"NOOOOOOOOO.† In  Darth Vader #1, we still observe this moment but with a text bubble just reading â€Å"NO.† Anakin’s Father The revelation of Anakin’s father identity seems to be the most eye-popping turn in the Darth Vader Comics. In the prequels, it was said â€Å"there was no father† and people just concluded that he was the child of the force. In the comics, we see a brand-new explanation. Vader envisions Emperor Palpatine manipulating Anakin’s mother’s womb which gave rise to the imbalance in the force and led to him coming into this world.